n. [ L. commutatio: cf. F. commutation. ] 1. A passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ] So great is the commutation that the soul then hated only that which now only it loves. South. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. The act of giving one thing for another; barter; exchange. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ] The use of money is . . . that of saving the commutation of more bulky commodities. Arbuthnot. [ 1913 Webster ] 3. (Law) The change of a penalty or punishment by the pardoning power of the State; as, the commutation of a sentence of death to banishment or imprisonment. [ 1913 Webster ] Suits are allowable in the spiritual courts for money agreed to be given as a commutation for penance. Blackstone. [ 1913 Webster ] 4. A substitution, as of a less thing for a greater, esp. a substitution of one form of payment for another, or one payment for many, or a specific sum of money for conditional payments or allowances; as, commutation of tithes; commutation of fares; commutation of copyright; commutation of rations. [ 1913 Webster ] 5. regular travel from a place of residence to a place where one's daily work is performed; commuting. Most often, such travel is performed between a suburb and a nearby city. [ 1913 Webster ]
Angle of commutation (Astron.), the difference of the geocentric longitudes of the sun and a planet. --
Commutation of tithes, the substitution of a regular payment, chargeable to the land, for the annual tithes in kind. --
Commutation ticket, a ticket, as for transportation, which is the evidence of a contract for service at a reduced rate. See 2d Commute, 2. [ 1913 Webster ]
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