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| 彼 | - (かれ) สรรพนามบุรุษที่สามที่เป็นเพศชาย, เขา (ผู้ชาย) [LongdoJP]
- (あれ(P);あ(ok)) (n) (1) (uk) (See 何れ・1,此れ・1,其れ・1) that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly); (2) that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors); (3) (arch) over there; (4) (あれ only) (col) down there (i.e. one's genitals); (5) (あれ only) (col) period; menses; (int) (6) hey (expression of surprise or suspicion); eh?; (n) (7) that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time); (P) [EDICT]
- (かれ) (pn) (1) he; him; (adj-no) (2) his; (3) boyfriend; (P) [EDICT]
- (bǐ, ㄅㄧˇ) that; those; (one) another) [CE-DICT]
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| ほど | - (程) (n-adv,n) (1) degree; extent; bounds; limit; (prt) (2) (uk) indicates approx. amount or maximum; upper limit; (P) [EDICT]
- (歩度) (n) one's walking pace [EDICT]
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| の | - () (prt) endorsing and questioning the preceding statement (sentence ending particle); lamenting reflections on the preceding statement (sentence ending particle) [EDICT]
- () (prt) (1) although; when; and yet; despite this; in spite of; even though; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless; for all that; notwithstanding that; (2) while; (3) if only; I wish; (4) I tell you; you should do; (5) in order to; (P) [EDICT]
- () (suf,prt) (literary equiv. of だけ) only; nothing but; (P) [EDICT]
- () (n) (See スラグ) slag [EDICT]
- (乃) (prt) (1) (uk) (occasionally ん) indicates possessive; (2) verb and adjective nominalizer (nominaliser); (3) substituting for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (4) (often ん) indicates a confident conclusion; (5) emotional emphasis (sentence end) (fem); (6) indicates question (sentence end); (P) [EDICT]
- (之) (prt) (arch) possessive (used on tombs, etc.) [EDICT]
- (幅) (n,n-suf,ctr) (after a number in the hito-, futa-, mi- counting system) unit of measurement for cloth breadth (30-38 cm) [EDICT]
- (布) (n,n-suf,ctr) (after a number in the hito-, futa-, mi- counting system) unit of measurement for cloth breadth (30-38 cm) [EDICT]
- (箆) (n) (1) (arch) shaft (of an arrow); (2) (arch) (See 矢竹・2) arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica) [EDICT]
- (篦) (n) (1) (arch) shaft (of an arrow); (2) (arch) (See 矢竹・2) arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica) [EDICT]
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| 確立 | - (かくりつ) (n) (1) establishment; settlement; (vs) (2) to establish; to settle; (P) [EDICT]
- (què lì, ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄌㄧˋ) to establish; to institute [CE-DICT]
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| する | - () (conj) thereupon; hereupon; (P) [EDICT]
- () (adv,adv-to) (on-mim) with a smooth, unhindered motion; speedily and without delay [EDICT]
- (為る) (vs-i) (1) (uk) to do; (2) to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into); (3) to serve as; to act as; to work as; (4) to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.); (5) (as 〜にする,〜とする) to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as; (6) to decide on; to choose; (vs-i,vi) (7) (as 〜がする) to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.); (8) to be (in a state, condition, etc.); (9) to be worth; to cost; (10) to pass (of time); to elapse; (suf,vs-i) (11) verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs"); (aux-v,vs-i) (12) (See お願いします,御・お) creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go"); (13) (as 〜うとする,〜ようとする) (See とする・1) to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to; (P) [EDICT]
- (刷る) (v5r,vt) (1) to print; (2) to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold; (P) [EDICT]
- (摺る) (v5r,vt) (1) to print; (2) to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold; (P) [EDICT]
- (擦る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (摩る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (磨る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (擂る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (掏る) (v5r,vt) (See 掏摸) to pick someone's pocket [EDICT]
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| た | - () (aux-adj) (1) (after the -masu stem of a verb) want to ... do something; would like to ...; (prt) (2) (kyu [EDICT]
- () (exp) (abbr of ...ていたの) (See 乃・の・5,わ) (usu. sentence end) indicates emotion, admiration, emphasis, etc. [EDICT]
- () (aux-v) (after a noun, usu. as 〜たる者, etc.) (See たり,たるや) (those) who are; (that) which is; often used in relation to qualifications and requirements for a position; in the capacity of [EDICT]
- () (suf) (m-sl) (fam) (fem) (See ちゃん) (cute) suffix for familiar person [EDICT]
- (他) (n-adv,n,adj-no) other (esp. people and abstract matters); (P) [EDICT]
- (多) (n,pref) multi-; (P) [EDICT]
- (田) (n) rice field; (P) [EDICT]
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| 科学 | - (かがく) (n) science; (P) [EDICT]
- (kē xué, ㄎㄜ ㄒㄩㄝˊ) science; scientific knowledge; scientific [CE-DICT]
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| 者 | - (しゃ) (n,suf) someone of that nature; someone doing that work [EDICT]
- (もの(P);もん) (n) person (rarely used w.o. a qualifier); (P) [EDICT]
- (zhě, ㄓㄜˇ) -ist, -er (person); person (who does sth) [CE-DICT]
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| が | - () (prt) (positive sentence end) I dare say; (negative sentence end) though, honestly [EDICT]
- () (suf,v5r) (1) to feel (on adj-stem to represent a third party's apparent emotion); (2) to behave as if one were [EDICT]
- () (n) scree [EDICT]
- () (adv-to) (1) (on-mim) thump; thud (dull sound representing something being hit); (2) severe; difficult; hard [EDICT]
- (我) (n) (1) {Buddh} obstinacy; (2) atman; the self; the ego [EDICT]
- (画) (n) picture; drawing; painting; sketch [EDICT]
- (蛾) (n) moth [EDICT]
- (賀) (n) (See 賀の祝) congratulation [EDICT]
- (雅) (n,adj-na) (1) (ant [EDICT]
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| その | - (其の) (adj-pn) (1) (uk) (See 何の・どの,此の,其れ・1,彼の) that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener); the; (int) (2) um...; er...; uh...; (P) [EDICT]
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| よう | - () (exp) (volitional form of verb + ga) regardless of; whether (or not) [EDICT]
- () (adj-pn) (See 様だ) like; similar to [EDICT]
- () (exp) (1) in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); (2) hoping or wishing for something; (P) [EDICT]
- () (int) alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay; (P) [EDICT]
- (酔う) (v5u,vi) to get drunk; to become intoxicated; (P) [EDICT]
- (様) (n-suf,n) (1) (uk) (See 様だ) (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) appearing ...; looking ...; (2) (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) way to ...; method of ...ing; (3) (usu. after a noun) form; style; design; (4) (usu. after a noun) like; similar to; (n) (5) thing (thought or spoken); (P) [EDICT]
- (用) (n,n-suf) (1) task; business; (2) use; duty; service; (3) (See 用を足す) call of nature; excretion; (P) [EDICT]
- (葉) (suf,ctr) (1) counter for leaves, pieces of paper, etc.; (2) (arch) counter for boats [EDICT]
- (要) (n) (1) cornerstone; main point; keystone; (2) requirement; need; (adj-f) (3) necessary; required [EDICT]
- (陽) (n) (1) (ant [EDICT]
- (良う) (adv) (1) (uk) (See 良く・1) well; properly; skillfully; (2) (See 良く・2) often [EDICT]
- (善う) (adv) (1) (uk) (See 良く・1) well; properly; skillfully; (2) (See 良く・2) often [EDICT]
- (能う) (adv) (1) (uk) (See 良く・1) well; properly; skillfully; (2) (See 良く・2) often [EDICT]
- (杳) (adj-t,adv-to) (See 杳として) dark; ununderstood; unknown [EDICT]
- (癰) (n) (uk) carbuncle [EDICT]
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| だ | - () (prt) (1) (as …たり…たり, after the ren'youkei forms of multiple verbs) -ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); (2) (used adverbially) doing such things as...; (3) (as …たり…たり at sentence-end, after the ren'youkei forms of a repeated verb) expresses a command; (aux-v) (4) (たり only) (arch) (from とあり) (See たる) (after a noun) to be; (5) (たり only) (arch) (from 〜てあり, after the ren'youkei form of a verb) indicates completion or continuation of an action; (P) [EDICT]
- () (prt) (1) (fam) marks wh-question (what, where, who); (2) (chn) strengthens one's judgment or conclusion; (P) [EDICT]
- () (exp) if it's the case; (P) [EDICT]
- () (prt) even [EDICT]
- () (suf,prt) and; or; and the like; and so forth; and what not; (P) [EDICT]
- () (exp) (1) (See でしょう) seems; I think; I guess; I wonder; I hope; (2) don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!; (P) [EDICT]
- () (n) (col) (abbr) (See 友達) friend [EDICT]
- () (n) undercut (of a machined edge) [EDICT]
- (駄) (pref) (1) (See 駄文・1) poor; low-grade; trivial; insignificant; worthless; (n-suf,ctr) (2) (See 一駄) load; pack; horse load; (n) (3) packhorse [EDICT]
- (兌) (n) dui (one of the trigrams of the I Ching [EDICT]
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| 初歩 | - (しょほ) (n,adj-no) basics; rudiments; elements; ABCs of ...; (P) [EDICT]
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| 的 | - (てき) (adj-na,suf) -like; typical; (P) [EDICT]
- (まと) (n) mark; target; (P) [EDICT]
- (de, ㄉㄜ˙) of; structural particle: used before a noun, linking it to preceding possessive or descriptive attributive [CE-DICT]
- (dí, ㄉㄧˊ) really and truly [CE-DICT]
- (dì, ㄉㄧˋ) aim; clear [CE-DICT]
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| 誤り | - (あやまり) (n) error; mistake; slip; bug; (P) [EDICT]
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| を | - () (prt) (arch) (See を) marks object of action, etc. (also adds emphasis) [EDICT]
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| 犯す | - (おかす) (v5s,vt) (1) to commit (e.g. crime); to perpetrate; (2) to transgress; to contravene; (3) (also written 姦す) to violate; to ravish; to rape; to deflower; (P) [EDICT]
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| と | - () (prt,conj) among other things; such things as; or something like that; (P) [EDICT]
- () (n) regular (stops at every station) Jouetsu-line Shinkansen [EDICT]
- () (prt) (1) even; (2) even if; even though; (3) because of; on the grounds that [EDICT]
- () (prt) indicates word or phrase being defined; (P) [EDICT]
- () (n) (sl) last (in a contest) [EDICT]
- () (prt) (1) certainly; of course; to be sure; surely; (2) even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); though; although; (3) (with neg. verb) without even; without so much as; (4) (after an adverb) (See 遅くとも) at the (least, earliest, etc.); (5) (sometimes esp. an emphatic form of the particle と) (See と・1,と・2,と・3,と・4) emphatic particle; (P) [EDICT]
- () (v5r) (equiv. of -ている indicating continuing action as a verb ending; poss. contraction of -て ending + おる auxiliary verb) is being [EDICT]
- () (n) fatty, more expensive tuna meat; (P) [EDICT]
- () (adv-to,adv) (on-mim) tap; knock; bonk [EDICT]
- (戸) (n) (1) (戸 only) (See 扉) door (esp. Japanese-style); (2) (arch) entrance (to a home); (3) (arch) narrows; (P) [EDICT]
- (門) (n) (1) (戸 only) (See 扉) door (esp. Japanese-style); (2) (arch) entrance (to a home); (3) (arch) narrows; (P) [EDICT]
- (人) (suf) person [EDICT]
- (徒) (n) party; set; gang [EDICT]
- (斗) (n) (1) (obs) to (measure of volume, approx. 18 litres); (2) (See 枡形) square bearing block (at the top of a pillar); (3) (See 二十八宿) Chinese "Dipper" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (P) [EDICT]
- (途) (n) way; (P) [EDICT]
- (都) (n,adj-no) metropolitan; municipal [EDICT]
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| は | - (葉) ใบไม้ [LongdoJP]
- () (int) (1) (pol) yes; (2) OK (used to get attention prior to an utterance); okay; (3) giddy-up; giddap; (P) [EDICT]
- () (v5r,aux-v,suf) (hon) (ksb [EDICT]
- () (suf) (ksb [EDICT]
- (歯) (n) tooth; (P) [EDICT]
- (刃) (n) edge (of a knife or sword); (P) [EDICT]
- (派) (n,n-suf) clique; faction; school; (P) [EDICT]
- (破) (n) (See 序破急) (in gagaku or noh) middle section of a song [EDICT]
- (葉) (n) leaf; (P) [EDICT]
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| 実際 | - (じっさい) ในความเป็นจริง [LongdoJP]
- (じっさい) (adj-no,adv,n) (1) practicality; practical; (2) reality; actuality; actual conditions; (3) {Buddh} bhutakoti (limit of reality); (P) [EDICT]
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| 上 | - (かみ) ยอด, ส่วนบน, ข้างบน [LongdoJP]
- (うえ) (n,adj-no,n-adv,n-suf) (1) above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); (2) top; summit; (3) surface; on; (4) before; previous; (5) superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); (6) on top of that; besides; what's more; (7) upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after); (8) matters concerning...; as concerns ...; (9) (as ...上は) since (i.e. "for that reason"); (n-suf) (10) (hon) (See 父上) suffix indicating higher social standing; (11) (arch) place of one's superior (i.e. the throne); (12) (arch) emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo; (13) (arch) noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman); (P) [EDICT]
- (うわ) (n,pref) upper; upward; outer; surface; top [EDICT]
- (かみ) (n) (1) (ant [EDICT]
- (じょう) (n-suf) (1) from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); in the field of; being of the type of; (2) aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; on; above; (n) (3) (See 下・げ・2) first volume (e.g. book); (n,pref) (4) superior quality; best; top; high class; (5) going up; (6) governmental; imperial; (7) presenting; showing; (pref) (8) ana- (medical, biol.); (P) [EDICT]
- (shàng, ㄕㄤˋ) on; on top; upon; first (of two parts); previous or last (week etc); upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; above; to go up; to attend (class or university); third tone of putonghua [CE-DICT]
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| 考える | - (かんがえる) (v1,vt) to consider; to think about; (P) [EDICT]
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| ない | - () (exp) (1) (See ませんか) (used to ask a question in the negative) won't (hasn't, isn't, doesn't, etc.); (2) (used to make invitations, express desires or give indirect commands) won't you [EDICT]
- () (conj,aux) (1) (See ない) without doing ...; (aux) (2) used in sentence-final position as an indirect prohibition [EDICT]
- (内) (suf) inside; within [EDICT]
- (亡い) (adj-i) (See 無い) dead [EDICT]
- (無い) (adj-i) (1) (uk) (See 亡い) nonexistent; not being (there); (2) unpossessed; unowned; not had; (3) (See またとない) unique; (4) (as ...ことがない, etc.) indicates negation, inexperience, unnecessariness or impossibility; (aux-adj) (5) (See ない) (after the ren'youkei form of an adjective) not ...; (6) (after the -te form of a verb) to not be...; to have not ...; (P) [EDICT]
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| こと | - () (adv-to) (on-mim) clunk; thump [EDICT]
- (古都) (n) ancient city; former capital; (P) [EDICT]
- (糊塗) (n,vs) covering up; glossing over [EDICT]
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| ある | - (或) (adj-pn) (uk) a certain ...; some ...; (P) [EDICT]
- (或る) (adj-pn) (uk) a certain ...; some ...; (P) [EDICT]
- (在る) (v5r-i,vi) (1) (uk) (See 居る・いる・1) to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live; (2) to have; (3) to be located; (4) to be equipped with; (5) to happen; to come about; (P) [EDICT]
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