a. Beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; additional; supernumerary; also, extraordinarily good; superior; as, extra work; extra pay. “By working extra hours.” H. Spencer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Extras 1. Something in addition to what is due, expected, or customary; esp., an added charge or fee, or something for which an additional charge is made; as, at some hotels air conditioning is an extra. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

2. An edition of a newspaper issued at a time other than the regular one. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

3. (Cricket) A run, as from a bye, credited to the general score but not made from a hit. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

4. Something of an extra quality or grade. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

‖ [ L., fr. exter. See Exterior. ] A Latin preposition, denoting beyond, outside of; -- often used in composition as a prefix signifying outside of, beyond, besides, or in addition to what is denoted by the word to which it is prefixed. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Situated outside of a joint.

{ a. (Bot.) Growing outside of the axils; as, an extra-axillary bud. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Outside of the branchial arches; -- said of the cartilages thus placed in some fishes. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Situated outside of a capsule, esp. outside the capsular ligament of a joint. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. located or occurring outside of a living cell or cells; as, extracellular fluid. Opposite of intracellular. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Extracting. ] [ L. extractus, p. p. of extrahere to extract; ex out + trahere to draw. See Trace, and cf. Estreat. ] 1. To draw out or forth; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed position, as by traction or suction, etc.; as, to extract a tooth from its socket, a stump from the earth, a splinter from the finger. [ 1913 Webster ]

The bee
Sits on the bloom extracting liquid sweet. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To withdraw by expression, distillation, or other mechanical or chemical process; as, to extract an essence. Cf. Abstract, v. t., 6. [ 1913 Webster ]

Sunbeams may be extracted from cucumbers, but the process is tedious. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To take by selection; to choose out; to cite or quote, as a passage from a book. [ 1913 Webster ]

I have extracted out of that pamphlet a few notorious falsehoods. Swift. [ 1913 Webster ]

To extract the root (Math.), to ascertain the root of a number or quantity. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. That which is extracted or drawn out. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A portion of a book or document, separately transcribed; a citation; a quotation. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by dissolving out from any substance that which gives it its essential and characteristic virtue; essence; as, extract of beef; extract of dandelion; also, any substance so extracted, and characteristic of that from which it is obtained; as, quinine is the most important extract of Peruvian bark. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Med.) A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant; -- distinguished from an abstract. See Abstract, n., 4. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. (Old Chem.) A peculiar principle once erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable extracts; -- called also the extractive principle. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

6. Extraction; descent. [ Obs. ] South. [ 1913 Webster ]

7. (Scots Law) A draught or copy of writing; certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the judgement therein, with an order for execution. Tomlins. [ 1913 Webster ]

Fluid extract (Med.), a concentrated liquid preparation, containing a definite proportion of the active principles of a medicinal substance. At present a fluid gram of extract should represent a gram of the crude drug.