| Crystallization | n. [ Cf. F. cristallization. ] 1. (Chem. & Min.) The act or process by which a substance in solidifying assumes the form and structure of a crystal, or becomes crystallized; the formation of crystals. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. The body formed by crystallizing; as, silver on precipitation forms arborescent crystallizations. [ 1913 Webster ] ☞ The systems of crystallization are the several classes to which the forms are mathematically referable. They are most simply described according to the relative lengths and inclinations of certain assumed lines called axes; but the real distinction is the degree of symmetry characterizing them. 1. The Isometric system, or The Monometric system has the axes all equal, as in the cube, octahedron, etc. 2. The Tetragonal system, or The Dimetric system has a varying vertical axis, while the lateral are equal, as in the right square prism. 3. The Orthorhombic system, or The Trimetric system has the three axes unequal, as in the rectangular and rhombic prism. In this system, the lateral axes are called, respectively, macrodiagonal and brachydiagonal. -- The preceding are erect forms, the axes intersecting at right angles. The following are oblique. 4. The Monoclinic system, having one of the intersections oblique, as in the oblique rhombic prism. In this system, the lateral axes are called respectively, clinodiagonal and orthodiagonal. 5. The Triclinic system, having all the three intersections oblique, as in the oblique rhomboidal prism. There is also: 6. The Hexagonal system (one division of which is called Rhombohedral), in which there are three equal lateral axes, and a vertical axis of variable length, as in the hexagonal prism and the rhombohedron. [ 1913 Webster ] ☞ The Diclinic system, sometimes recognized, with two oblique intersections, is only a variety of the Triclinic. [ 1913 Webster ] |
