n. [ Gr. &unr_;, &unr_;, ray + -gram. ] A record made by the actinograph.
[ Obsolescent ] [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ F. anagramme, LL. anagramma, fr. Gr. 'ana` back, again + gra`fein to write. See Graphic. ] Literally, the letters of a word read backwards, but in its usual wider sense, the change of one word or phrase into another by the transposition of its letters. Thus Galenus becomes angelus; William Noy (attorney-general to Charles I., and a laborious man) may be turned into I moyl in law. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To anagrammatize. [ 1913 Webster ]

Some of these anagramed his name, Benlowes, into Benevolus. Warburton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_; wind + -gram. ] A record made by an anemograph. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Med.) [ angio- + Gr. gra`mma a writing. ] An X-ray photograph produced by angiography. AS [ PJC ]

n. [ Auto- + radiogram. ] (Biochemistry) an image produced upon photographic film by exposure of the film to a radioactive substance in close proximity to (usually in contact with) the film. Recording the distribution of radioactive materials on an autoradiogram is a technique much used in biochemical research as part of analytical procedures, in which radioactively labeled substances are subjected to a separation process (such as electrophoresis) which can help to characterize the substance, and the resulting distribution of the labeled substance is recorded on an autoradiogram. In microbiology and cell biology, autoradiograms may be made on the same film as a photomicrograph, permitting observation of the distribution of labeled compounds within a cell. [ PJC ]

n. an evergreen Indian shrub (Senna auriculata or Cassia auriculata) with vivid yellow flowers whose bark is used in tanning; it is sometimes placed in the genus Cassia.
Syn. -- tanner's cassia [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ Turk. baïrām. ] Either of two Muslim festivals, of which one (the Lesser Bairam) is held at the close of the fast called Ramadan, and the other (the Greater Bairam) seventy days after the fast. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ Gr. ba`ros weight + -gram. ] (Meteor.) A tracing, usually made by the barograph, showing graphically the variations of atmospheric pressure for a given time. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. (Bot.) See Bertram. Johnson. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. (Mil.) An engine used in ancient times to beat down the walls of besieged places. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ It was a large beam, with a head of iron, which was sometimes made to resemble the head of a ram. It was suspended by ropes to a beam supported by posts, and so balanced as to swing backward and forward, and was impelled by men against the wall. Grose. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A blacksmith's hammer, suspended, and worked horizontally. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Corrupted fr. L. pyrethrum, Gr. &unr_; a hot spicy plant, fr. &unr_; fire. ] (Bot.) Pellitory of Spain (Anacyclus pyrethrum). [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a word that is written with two letters in an alphabetic writing system. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ OE. bokeram, bougeren, OF. boqueran, F. bougran, MHG. buckeram, LL. buchiranus, boquerannus, fr. MHG. boc, G. bock, goat (as being made of goat's hair), or fr. F. bouracan, by transposing the letter r. See Buck, Barracan. ] 1. A coarse cloth of linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Buckram was formerly a very different material from that now known by the name. It was used for wearing apparel, etc. Beck (Draper's Dict. ). [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Bot.) A plant. See Ramson. Dr. Prior. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. 1. Made of buckram; as, a buckram suit. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Stiff; precise. “Buckram dames.” Brooke. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To strengthen with buckram; to make stiff. Cowper. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cable, n. + Gr. gra`mma a writing, a letter. ] A message sent by a submarine telegraphic cable. [ A recent hybrid, sometimes found in the newspapers. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. kardi`a heart + -gram. ] (Physiol.) Any instrumental record made of heart activity, especially the curve or tracing made by a cardiograph. Sometimes used synonymously with electrocardiogram. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC ]

n. [ F. cartogramme. ] A map showing geographically, by shades or curves, statistics of various kinds; a statistical map. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

{ } n. [ F. centigramme; centi- (L. centum) + gramme. See Gram. ] The hundredth part of a gram; a mass equal to .15432 of a grain. See 3rd Gram. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. the paper strip, column, gel, or TLC plate on which subsances have been separated by a process of chromatography{ 2 }. [ PJC ]

2. the record of the results of a process of chromatography{ 2 }, produced by an instrument which measures some property related to the concentration of substances over the course of a chromatographic process. The record may be printed, for example, on a piece of paper, showing the concentration of some substance as a function of time or volume; or it may be retained in a computer and displayed on a video display terminal. The analytical methods for determining which substances have moved to which point on the chromatogram are very varied, and the records of the results of a visualization techique, such as autoradiography, may itself be referred to as a chromatogram. [ PJC ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_; time + &unr_; writing, character: cf. F. chronogramme. ] 1. An inscription in which certain numeral letters, made to appear specially conspicuous, on being added together, express a particular date or epoch, as in the motto of a medal struck by Gustavus Adolphus in 1632: ChrIstVs DVX; ergo trIVMphVs. - the capitals of which give, when added as numerals, the sum 1632. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The record or inscription made by a chronograph. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a sequence of instructions, stored in any medium, that can be interpreted and executed by a computer; -- called most frequently a program. This term is used both for the written program (a document) and for its corresponding electronic version stored or executed on the computer. See instruction; as, Version 1.0 of the program had a serious bug that caused the computer to crash frequently..
Syn. -- program, program, computer programme. [ WordNet 1.5 +PJC ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Crammed p. pr. & vb. n. Cramming. ] [ AS. crammian to cram; akin to Icel. kremja to squeeze, bruise, Sw. krama to press. Cf. Cramp. ] 1. To press, force, or drive, particularly in filling, or in thrusting one thing into another; to stuff; to crowd; to fill to superfluity; as, to cram anything into a basket; to cram a room with people. [ 1913 Webster ]

Their storehouses crammed with grain. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

He will cram his brass down our throats. Swift. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To fill with food to satiety; to stuff. [ 1913 Webster ]

Children would be freer from disease if they were not crammed so much as they are by fond mothers. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ]

Cram us with praise, and make us
As fat as tame things. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To put hastily through an extensive course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an examination; as, a pupil is crammed by his tutor. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. 1. To eat greedily, and to satiety; to stuff. [ 1913 Webster ]

Gluttony . . . .
Crams, and blasphemes his feeder. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To make crude preparation for a special occasion, as an examination, by a hasty and extensive course of memorizing or study. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. The act of cramming. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Information hastily memorized; as, a cram from an examination. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Weaving) A warp having more than two threads passing through each dent or split of the reed. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A cipher writing. Same as Cryptograph. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } n. [ F. décagramme; Gr. de`ka ten + F. gramme. See Gram. ] A mass in the metric system equal to ten grams, and equal to about 154.32 grains avoirdupois. See 3rd Gram. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } n. [ F. décigramme; pref. déci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) + gramme. ] A quantity of mass in the metric system equal to one tenth of a gram, and equal to 1.5432 grains avoirdupois. See 3rd gram. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Same as Decagram. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. &unr_;, fr. &unr_; to mark out by lines; dia` through + &unr_; to draw, write: cf. F. diagramme. See Graphic. ] 1. (Geom.) A figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement, or facilitate a demonstration; a plan. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Any simple drawing made for mathematical or scientific purposes, or to assist a verbal explanation which refers to it; a mechanical drawing, as distinguished from an artistical one. [ 1913 Webster ]

Indicator diagram. (Steam Engine) See Indicator card, under indicator [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To put into the form of a diagram. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. di- = di`s- twice + &unr_; letter. ] A digraph. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OF. drame, F. drachme, L. drachma, drachm, drachma, fr. Gr. drachmh`, prop., a handful, fr. dra`ssesqai to grasp. Cf. Drachm, Drachma. ] 1. A weight; in Apothecaries' weight, one eighth part of an ounce, or sixty grains; in Avoirdupois weight, one sixteenth part of an ounce, or 27.34375 grains. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A minute quantity; a mite. [ 1913 Webster ]

Were I the chooser, a dram of well-doing should be preferred before many times as mush the forcible hindrance of evildoing. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. As much spirituous liquor as is usually drunk at once; as, a dram of brandy; hence, a potation or potion; as, a dram of poison. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Numis.) A Persian daric. Ezra ii. 69. [ 1913 Webster ]

Fluid dram, or
Fluid drachm. See under Fluid. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. & t. To drink drams; to ply with drams. [ Low ] Johnson. Thackeray. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Computers) same as dynamic RAM. [ acron. ]
Syn. -- dynamic RAM. [ PJC ]

n. [ Random Access Memory. ] (Computers) a type of random access memory using circuits that require periodic refresh cycles in order to retain the stored information. Contrasted to static ram, which maintains the memory state as long as the power is still applied. [ acron. ] dynamic RAM is cheaper to manufacture, but because of the need for a refresh cycle, is generally slower to access than static RAM. It is usually implemented in integrated rircuit chips containing thousands to millions of bits of information storage capacity, and is commonly used as the main type of memory circuit in personal computers.
Syn. -- DRAM, D-RAM. [ PJC ]

n. [ L. epigramma, fr. Gr. &unr_; inscription, epigram, fr. &unr_; to write upon, 'epi` upon + &unr_; to write: cf. F. épigramme. See Graphic. ] 1. A short poem treating concisely and pointedly of a single thought or event. The modern epigram is so contrived as to surprise the reader with a witticism or ingenious turn of thought, and is often satirical in character. [ 1913 Webster ]

Dost thou think I care for a satire or an epigram? Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Epigrams were originally inscription on tombs, statues, temples, triumphal arches, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An effusion of wit; a bright thought tersely and sharply expressed, whether in verse or prose. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. The style of the epigram. [ 1913 Webster ]

Antithesis, i. e., bilateral stroke, is the soul of epigram in its later and technical signification. B. Cracroft.

a. [ AS. gram; akin to E. grim. √35. ] Angry. [ Obs. ] Havelok, the Dane. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pg. grão grain. See Grain. ] (Bot.) The East Indian name of the chick-pea (Cicer arietinum) and its seeds; also, other similar seeds there used for food.

[ Gr. gra`mma a thing drawn or written, a letter, fr. gra`fein to draw, write. See Graphic. ] A suffix indicating something drawn or written, a drawing, writing; -- as, monogram, telegram, chronogram. [ 1913 Webster ]

/mhw>, n. [ F. gramme, from Gr. gra`mma that which is written, a letter, a small weight, fr. gra`fein to write. See Graphic. ] The unit of mass or weight in the metric system. It was intended to be exactly, and is very nearly, equivalent to the weight in a vacuum of one cubic centimeter of pure water at its maximum density. It is equal to 15.432 grains. See Grain, n., 4. [ 1913 Webster ]

Gram degree, or
Gramme degree (Physics), a unit of heat, being the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water one degree centigrade. --
Gram equivalent (Electrolysis), that quantity of the metal which will replace one gram of hydrogen. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } n. [ OF. gros-grain, lit., gros-grain, of a coarse texture. See Gross, and Grain a kernel, and cf. Grog. ] A coarse stuff made of silk and mohair, or of coarse silk. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. hectogramme, fr. Gr. 'ekato`n hundred + F. gramme a gram. ] A measure of mass or weight, containing a hundred grams, or about 3.527 ounces avoirdupois. See 3rd gram. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Helio- + -gram. ] A message transmitted by a heliograph. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ Hexa- + -gram. ] A figure of six lines; specif.: (a) A figure composed of two equal triangles intersecting so that each side of one triangle is parallel to a side of the other, and the six points coincide with those of a hexagon. (b) In Chinese literature, one of the sixty-four figures formed of six parallel lines (continuous or broken), forming the basis of the I Ching (Yih King), or “Book of Changes.” S. W. Williams. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ Gr. "iero`s sacred + -gram.] A form of sacred or hieratic writing. [1913 Webster]

n. A photographic image giving the observer a seemingly three-dimensional view of the represented object. The three-dimensional effect is produced by exposing a photographic recording medium to an interference pattern generated by a coherent beam of light (as from a laser) reflected from the subject, interacting with a beam directly from the source. The full three-dimensional effect requires illumination of the image with coherent light, but less perfect three-dimensional visual effects may also be observed when the hologram is illuminated with white light. [ PJC ]

n. [ Ideo- + -gram; cf. F. idéograme. ] 1. An original, pictorial element of writing; a kind of hieroglyph expressing no sound, but only an idea. [ 1913 Webster ]

Ideograms may be defined to be pictures intended to represent either things or thoughts. I. Taylor (The Alphabet). [ 1913 Webster ]

You might even have a history without language written or spoken, by means of ideograms and gesture. J. Peile. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A symbol used for convenience, or for abbreviation; as, 1, 2, 3, +, -, &unr_;, $, &unr_;, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A phonetic symbol; a letter. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. The peculiar dress worn by pilgrims to Mecca. [ 1913 Webster ]