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| | carbonic acid | (n) a weak acid known only in solution; formed when carbon dioxide combines with water | | carboniferous | (n) from 345 million to 280 million years ago, Syn. Carboniferous period | | carboniferous | (adj) of or relating to the Carboniferous geologic era, Example: carboniferous rock system | | carbonization | (n) the destructive distillation of coal (as in coke ovens), Syn. carbonisation | | carbonize | (v) unite with carbon, Syn. carburize, carbonise, carburise, Example: carburize metal | | carbonize | (v) turn into carbon, as by burning, Syn. carbonise, Example: carbonize coal |
| | Carbonic | a. [ Cf. F. carbonique. See Carbon. ] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, carbonic oxide. [ 1913 Webster ]
Carbonic acid (Chem.), an acid HO.CO.OH, not existing separately, which, combined with positive or basic atoms or radicals, forms carbonates. In common language the term is very generally applied to a compound of carbon and oxygen, CO2, more correctly called carbon dioxide. It is a colorless, heavy, irrespirable gas, extinguishing flame, and when breathed destroys life. It can be reduced to a liquid and solid form by intense pressure. It is produced in the fermentation of liquors, and by the combustion and decomposition of organic substances, or other substances containing carbon. It is formed in the explosion of fire damp in mines, and is hence called after damp; it is also know as choke damp, and mephitic air. Water will absorb its own volume of it, and more than this under pressure, and in this state becomes the common soda water of the shops, and the carbonated water of natural springs. Combined with lime it constitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants imbibe it for their nutrition and growth, the carbon being retained and the oxygen given out. --
Carbonic oxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, CO, of a light odor, called more correctly carbon monoxide. It is almost the only definitely known compound in which carbon seems to be divalent. It is a product of the incomplete combustion of carbon, and is an abundant constituent of water gas. It is fatal to animal life, extinguishes combustion, and burns with a pale blue flame, forming carbon dioxide. [ 1913 Webster ]
| | Carbonide | n. A carbide. [ R. ] | | Carboniferous | a. [ Carbon + -ferous. ] Producing or containing carbon or coal. [ 1913 Webster ]
Carboniferous age (Geol.), the age immediately following the Devonian, or Age of fishes, and characterized by the vegetation which formed the coal beds. This age embraces three periods, the Subcarboniferous, the Carboniferous, and Permian. See Age of acrogens, under Acrogen. --
Carboniferous formation (Geol.), the series of rocks (including sandstones, shales, limestones, and conglomerates, with beds of coal) which make up the strata of the Carboniferous age or Carboniferous period. See the Diagram under Geology. [ 1913 Webster ]
| | carbonisation | n. same as carbonization. [ PJC ] | | Carbonite | n. [ Carbon + -ite. ] 1. An explosive consisting essentially of nitroglycerin, wood meal, and some nitrate, as that of sodium. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ] 2. An explosive composed of nitrobenzene, saltpeter, sulphur, and kieselguhr. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ] | | Carbonization | n. [ Cf. F. carbonisation. ] 1. The act or process of carbonizing. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. the destructive distillation of coal (as in coke ovens).
Syn. -- carbonisation. [ WordNet 1.5 ] | | Carbonize | v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Carbonized p. pr. & vb. n. Carbonizing. ] [ Cf. F. carboniser. ] 1. To convert (an animal or vegetable substance) into a residue of carbon by the action of fire or some corrosive agent; to char. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. To impregnate or combine with carbon, as in making steel by cementation. [ 1913 Webster ] |
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