n. [ L. agaricum, Gr. &unr_;, said to be fr. Agara, a town in Sarmatia. ] 1. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus Agaricus, of many species, of which the common mushroom is an example. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An old name for several species of Polyporus, corky fungi growing on decaying wood. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The “female agaric” (Polyporus officinalis) was renowned as a cathartic; the “male agaric” (Polyporus igniarius) is used for preparing touchwood, called punk or German tinder. [ 1913 Webster ]

Agaric mineral, a light, chalky deposit of carbonate of lime, sometimes called rock milk, formed in caverns or fissures of limestone. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ LL. angariatio, fr. L. angaria service to a lord, villenage, fr. angarius, Gr. 'a`ggaros (a Persian word), a courier for carrying royal dispatches. ] Exaction of forced service; compulsion. [ Obs. ] Speed. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Math.) The number corresponding to a logarithm. The word has been sometimes, though rarely, used to denote the complement of a given logarithm; also the logarithmic cosine corresponding to a given logarithmic sine. -- An`ti*log`a*rith"mic a. [1913 Webster]

n. One who holds to no particular creed or dogma. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Of or pertaining to the monarchy composed of Austria and Hungary. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Beggary. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a small cigar or cigarette wrapped in tobacco instead of paper. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

‖n. [ Skr. dēvanāgarī; dēva god + nagara city, i. e., divine city. ] The script or characters in which Sanskrit and Hindi are written. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

v. t. To free from what is vulgar, common, or narrow. [ 1913 Webster ]

Shakespeare and Plutarch's “Lives” are very devulgarizing books. E. A. Abbott. [ 1913 Webster ]

prop. n. a genus of plants comprising the strawberry plants.
Syn. -- genus Fragaria. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ F. gargarisme, L. gargarisma. See Gargarize. ] (Med.) A gargle. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ F. gargarizare, fr. Gr. &unr_;. ] To gargle; to rinse or wash, as the mouth and throat. [ Obs. ] Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A jacket worn by women; -- so called from its resemblance in shape to the red shirt worn by the Italians patriot Garibaldi. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Zool.) A California market fish (Pomancentrus rubicundus) of a deep scarlet color. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. OE. gauren to stare; of uncertain origin. Cf. gairish. ] 1. Showy; dazzling; ostentatious; attracting or exciting attention. “The garish sun.” “A garish flag.” Shak. “In . . . garish colors.” Asham. “The garish day.” J. H. Newman. [ 1913 Webster ]

Garish like the laughters of drunkenness. Jer. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Gay to extravagance; flighty. [ 1913 Webster ]

It makes the mind loose and garish. South.

-- Gar"ish*ly, adv. -- Gar"ish*ness, n. Jer. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. tasteless showiness.
Syn. -- flashiness, gaudiness, loudness, meretriciousness, tawdriness, glitz. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. strident color or excessive ornamentation.
Syn. -- gaudiness. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. Gregarious; belonging to the herd or common sort; common. [ Obs. ] “The gregarian soldiers.” Howell. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖prop. n. pl. [ NL., fr. Gregarina the typical genus, fr. L. gregarius. See Gregarious. ] (Zool.) An order of Protozoa, allied to the Rhizopoda, and parasitic in other animals, as in the earthworm, lobster, etc. When adult, they have a small, wormlike body inclosing a nucleus, but without external organs; in one of the young stages, they are amœbiform; -- called also Gregarinida, and Gregarinaria. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Zool.) Of or pertaining to the Gregarinæ. -- n. One of the Gregarinæ. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖def>Gregarinæ. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. gregarius, fr. grex, gregis, herd; cf. Gr. &unr_; to assemble, Skr. jar to approach. Cf. Congregate, Egregious. ] Habitually living or moving in flocks or herds; tending to flock or herd together; not habitually solitary or living alone. Burke. [ 1913 Webster ]

No birds of prey are gregarious. Ray.

-- Gre*ga"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Gre*ga"ri*ous*ness, n.

n. Sudanese sorghums having white seeds; one variety is grown in Southwestern U.S. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. Of or pertaining to Hungary or to the people of Hungary. -- n. A native or one of the people of Hungary. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hungarian grass. See Italian millet, under Millet. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖a. [ Hind. koft garï goldbeating. fr. Per. koft beating + garï trade. ] Ornamental work produced by inlaying steel with gold, -- a variety of damascening much used in the arts of India. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ Gr. lo`gos word, account, proportion + 'ariqmo`s number: cf. F. logarithme. ] (Math.) One of a class of auxiliary numbers, devised by John Napier, of Merchiston, Scotland (1550-1617), to abridge arithmetical calculations, by the use of addition and subtraction in place of multiplication and division. The relation of logarithms to common numbers is that of numbers in an arithmetical series to corresponding numbers in a geometrical series, so that sums and differences of the former indicate respectively products and quotients of the latter; thus,

 0 1 2 3 4 Indices or logarithms
 1 10 100 1000 10, 000 Numbers in geometrical progression
 

Hence, the logarithm of any given number is the exponent of a power to which another given invariable number, called the base, must be raised in order to produce that given number. Thus, let 10 be the base, then 2 is the logarithm of 100, because 102 = 100, and 3 is the logarithm of 1, 000, because 103 = 1, 000. [ 1913 Webster ]

Arithmetical complement of a logarithm, the difference between a logarithm and the number ten. --
Binary logarithms. See under Binary. --
Common logarithms, or
Brigg's logarithms, logarithms of which the base is 10; -- so called from Henry Briggs, who invented them. --
Gauss's logarithms, tables of logarithms constructed for facilitating the operation of finding the logarithm of the sum of difference of two quantities from the logarithms of the quantities, one entry of those tables and two additions or subtractions answering the purpose of three entries of the common tables and one addition or subtraction. They were suggested by the celebrated German mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss (died in 1855), and are of great service in many astronomical computations. --
Hyperbolic logarithm or
Napierian logarithm or
Natural logarithm, a logarithm (devised by John Speidell, 1619) of which the base is e (2.718281828459045...); -- so called from Napier, the inventor of logarithms. --
Logistic logarithms or
Proportional logarithms, See under Logistic. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. See Logarithmic. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. Logarithmically. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ Cf. F. logarithmique. ] 1. Of or pertaining to logarithms; consisting of logarithms. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Using logarithms; as, logarithmic graph paper; a logarithmic scale. [ PJC ]

3. Having a logarithm in one or more of the unknowns; -- of an equation. [ PJC ]

Logarithmic curve (Math.), a curve which, referred to a system of rectangular coordinate axes, is such that the ordinate of any point will be the logarithm of its abscissa. --
Logarithmic spiral, a spiral curve such that radii drawn from its pole or eye at equal angles with each other are in continual proportion. See Spiral. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. By the use of logarithms. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. F. margarique. See Margarite. ] Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly. [ 1913 Webster ]

Margaric acid. (a) (Physiol. Chem.) A fatty body, crystallizing in pearly scales, and obtained by digesting saponified fats (soaps) with an acid. It was formerly supposed to be an individual fatty acid, but is now known to be simply an intimate mixture of stearic and palmitic acids. (b) (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, C17H34O2 of the fatty acid series, intermediate between palmitic and stearic acids, and obtained from the wax of certain lichens, from cetyl cyanide, and other sources. Called also heptadecanoic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. margarine. See Margarite. ] (Physiol. Chem.) A fatty substance, extracted from animal fats and certain vegetable oils, formerly supposed to be a definite compound of glycerin and margaric acid, but now known to be simply a mixture or combination of tristearin and tripalmitin. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F.; see margarin. ] 1. A processed food product used as an inexpensive substitute for butter, made primarily from refined vegetable oils, sometimes including animal fats, and churned with skim milk to form a semisolid emulsion; also called oleomargarine; artificial butter. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC ]

The word margarine shall mean all substances, whether compounds or otherwise, prepared in imitation of butter, and whether mixed with butter or not. Margarine Act, 1887 (50 & 51 Vict. c. 29). [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

2. Margarin. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

a. Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. margarita, Gr. &unr_; a pearl; cf. F. marguerite. ] 1. A pearl. [ Obs. ] Peacham. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Min.) A mineral related to the micas, but low in silica and yielding brittle folia with pearly luster. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Cf. F. margaritique. ] (Physiol. Chem.) Margaric. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. margaritifer; margarita pearl + ferre to bear: cf. F. margaritifère. ] Producing pearls. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. Belonging, or pertaining, to Megara, a city of ancient Greece. [ 1913 Webster ]

Megarian school, or
Megaric school, a school of philosophy established at Megara, after the death of Socrates, by his disciples, and remarkable for its logical subtlety. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Meso- + logarithm : cf. F. mésologarithme. ] (Math.) A logarithm of the cosine or cotangent. [ Obs. ] Kepler. Hutton. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. Not growing or living in groups or colonies; -- of plants and animals.
Syn. -- nonsocial, solitary. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. One of no certain belief; one belonging to no particular sect. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. oleum oil + E. margarine, margarin. ] [ Written also oleomargarin. ] 1. A liquid oil made from animal fats (esp. beef fat) by separating the greater portion of the solid fat or stearin, by crystallization. It is mainly a mixture of olein and palmitin with some little stearin. [ archaic ] [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An artificial butter made by emulsifying a fatty oil with more or less milk and water; it was formerly made predominantly from animal fats, but now is made predominantly or exclusively from vegetable oils, sometimes mixed with animal fats. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

☞ Oleomargarine was wrongly so named, as it contains no margarin proper, but olein, palmitin, and stearin, a mixture of palmitin and stearin having formerly been called margarin by mistake. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. rigatio, fr. rigare to water. ] See Irrigation. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality or state of being sugary, or sweet. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. The act of covering or sweetening with sugar; also, the sugar thus used. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The act or process of making sugar. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ 1st pref. un- + vulgarize. ] To divest of vulgarity; to make to be not vulgar. Lamb. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Given to, or characterized by, vagaries; capricious; whimsical; crochety. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A vulgar person; one who has vulgar ideas. Used also adjectively. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. vulgarisme. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. Grossness; rudeness; vulgarity. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A vulgar phrase or expression. [ 1913 Webster ]

A fastidious taste will find offense in the occasional vulgarisms, or what we now call “slang, ” which not a few of our writers seem to have affected. Coleridge. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. vulgarité, L. vulgaritas the multitude. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. The quality or state of being vulgar; mean condition of life; the state of the lower classes of society. Sir T. Browne. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Grossness or clownishness of manners of language; absence of refinement; coarseness. [ 1913 Webster ]

The reprobate vulgarity of the frequenters of Bartholomew Fair. B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The act or process of making vulgar, or common. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Vulgarized p. pr. & vb. n. Vulgarizing ] [ Cf. F. vulgariser, LL. vulgarizare. ] To make vulgar, or common. [ 1913 Webster ]

Exhortation vulgarized by low wit. V. Knox. [ 1913 Webster ]